Hydrocarbon motor



lPatented Oct. l2, 1926.

UNITED sTAr- EsPATENT OFFICE.-

MILTON TIBBETTS, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CABCOMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

HYnRocAJaBoN Moron.

Application filed December 1, 1919. Serial No. 341,690.

rThis inventiOn relates to hydrocarbon motors and particularly tomixture forming and heating means therefor.

Recent developments in this art have brought out what is termed acombustion heater and the suction type of such heaters provides fordrawing a combustible mixture into the heater combustion chamber 'bythe.

Suction of the hydrocarbon motor to which the device is connected.

The present invention may be said to be an improvement upon the meansfor supplying the combustible mixture to the combustion chamber of aheater of the above referred to type, and it consists generally of,

novel means for withdrawing a portion of the mixture from the motorcarburetor.

One ofthe objects of the present invention is to simplify and improveupon the means for supplying a combustible mixture to a combustionheater of the suction type. Another object 0f the invention is Vtoprovide automatic control of an improved character for a combustionheater of the suction type.

Other objects of the invention will appear l from the followingdescription taken in connection with the drawings which form a part ofthis specification, andin which- Figure 1v is a vertical section througha device embodying this invention;

Figure 2 is a. section approximately on the line 2-2 ofFigure 1, lookingtowards the.

right;

Figures 3 and 4 are sections on the line 3-3 of Figure 1, lookingtowards the left as indicated by the arrows, parts in these igures beingshown in different positions; and

Figure 5 is `a section similar to Figure 1 showing a slightly modifiedpart of the device.

. ,Referring to the drawings, 10 indicates a motor cylinderblock whichmay contain" one or more cylinders, and 11 is the intake passage of themotor which leads to the intake valves, not shown. A motor intake pipeor conduit.12 connects a carburetor 13 with the intake passage 11 andthis conduit 12 is jacketed as at 14, this jacket forming a combustionchamber or heater 15 around a portion of the intake conduit. The inletto the combustion chamber is at 16 and its outlet at 17 through a plug18, this outlet 17 communicating with the interior of the coni duit 12sothat the combustion chamber 15 i is constantly subject to the suctionor depression of said inta-ke conduit. A spark plug 19, suitablyconnected with the motor igni tion mechanism, is arranged in thecombustion chamber 15 so that a spark is created to lire the chargetherein.

The carburetor 13 has a throttle valve-20for controlling the amount ofmixture Ypassing from the carburetor to the intake conduit 12.

The carburetor alsoh-as an air inlet 21 and a fuel supply well 22, whichwell is con-Y nected inthe usual way to a ioat chamber which maintainsthe liquid fuel at a constant level. The construction of such floatchamthe sleeve 23 to the rack 27 and pinion above referred to. Thus itwill be seen that' by oscillating the lever 26 the sleeve 23 may bemoved downwardly or upwardly and thereby expose more or less of thetapered channel 24 in the rod 25 above referred to.

All of the above fuel feeding parts are supported byv a portion of thecarburetor which we term Ithe guiding piece, lettered 29 in thedrawings. This guiding piece has an upward extension 30, shown inFigures 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the rod 25 extends through and is guided bythe upper part 31 of this upward extension. The piece 29 forms the lowerwall of the carburetor and is secured to the body of the carburetor as`shown by a series of screws 32 in Figures 2, 3 and 4. The upwardextension 30 has a horizontal -through passage of somewhat triangularFor the purpose of automatically control.

' ling the mixture of gasoline, or other fuel,

piston 34 has a cylindrical skirt 37 which' is guided on the exterior`of the guiding piece 29 and which extends down into the air passageofthe carburetor. This skirt surrounds the upward extension 30 of thepiece 29 and it will be seen that as it is moved downward it graduallycloses the air` passage 33 in the carburetor. It is shown in half closedposition in Figure 1, and the same in Figures 2 and 4. In Figure 3, however, it is near its lowest position.. It will be seen that as the motorthrottle 20 is opened and thespeed of the motor thereby increased, thesuction in the carburetor will increase and thissuction will becommunicated to the top of the piston 34 through the passage 36 and thepiston will be thereby drawn `upwardly to open wider the air passage 33.The rod 25, above referred to, is connected to the piston 34 as shown inthe figures, and as thepiston 34 is drawn upwardly the rod also movesand a deeper part of the fuel channel 24 is exposed to the passage ofair through the carburetor. Itis intended that the air passage 33 andthe taper of the channel 24 shall be so proportioned relatively thatapproximately the correct mixture will be supplied to the motor at thevarious degrees of suction. For manual adjustment, however, the sleeve23 may be moved to vary the relation between the depth of thechannel 24exposed and the amount of opening of the air passage 33.

` ElIt will be seen that with the throttle valve 22 in nearly closedposition, as it would be in starting the motor, a relatively smallsuction will be created in the carburetorand the piston 34vwill,therefore, be in its lower position, such as shown in Figure 3. Thustherewill be a small air passage 33, due to the skirt v37 closing thegreater part of it. The present invention contemplates arranging meansin the lower part or apex of the passage 33 so that under the conditionsabove referred to a portion of the mixture may be readily withdrawn fromthe carburetor foihfeeding the combustion heater f5 hereinabovedescribed.

This? withdrawing means is shown in the form of a tube 38 mounted in thepiece 29 andextending lupwardly into' the 'air passage 33. It isarranged at the outlet end of the air passage in the direct path oftravelv of mixture through the lower part of the passage, and on itsfront side, that is the side exposed to the passing mlxture, the

`tube 38 has a vertical slot 39 which will permit a given amount of themixture to pass into the tube. The tube is connected by a pipe 40 withthe inlet 16 of the combustion heater 15 so that the mixture which thetube 38 collects is led directly to the heater `where the spark 19 tiresit and thereby heats the walls of the intake conduit 12. It will beunderstood that the burnt gases pass through the outlet 17 into theconduit 12 where they further heat the mixture passing through theconduit.

IVith the tubel 38 arranged in the lower part of the air passage 33, itwill be seen Vthat as theiskirt 37-of the piston 34 is raised by thegreater suction created as the throttle valve is opened, the passage 33becornes very much larger and the greater part of the mixture passingthrough it will pass above the tube 38 and consequently the tube willcollect a smaller proportion of the'inixture. Also, as the throttlevalve is opened, the suction at the carburetor and the suc tion in thecombustion heater will become more nearly equalized so that there willbe less tendency to draw mixture intothe tube 38. Thus by both of theseautomatic con vtrols the combustion heater operates at its fullcapacity`when the throttle valve 2O is in closed or nearly closedposition, but drops to its least capacity, or perhaps goes outlentirely, when the throttle valve 2O is opened. In said open positionof the throttle Valve, it will be understood that usually the motor doesnot require` that the mixture be heated because the greater speed of themixture into the motor makes it burn more readily and it is not sonecessary that it be heated. Moreover, the motor itself Ais thenproducing more heat and the exterior heat is not y bustion heater as inFigure 1'. In this form, however, the tube 48 is arranged on the opposteside of the skirt 37 from that shown in Figure 1. Thus the "skirt inpassing down( alongside of the tube 48 is directly in front of the slot49 and there-by closes off part of the slot .when the skirt is in itslowest position.. This is illustrated in Figure 5, where the skirt isslightly below the top of the slot 49. In this figure the other parts ofIthe carburetor are the same as in Figure 1. This form of the devicegives a slight additional control by the skirt 37 so that a l pipe 50connects the tube 48 withthe com-I less heatwill be required for thecombustion heater than when'the motor is being started with the throttlepartly open.'

It will be understood that the forms shown herein are illustrative onlyof tlievinven a motor throttle, of means for withdrawing a portion ofthe mixture from the mixture passage, said means extending into thelower part of said passage between the fuel inlet and the throttle.

2. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixture passage and anadjustable fuel inlet, of a device for 'withdrawing a portion "of themixture from said passage arranged in the path of' the fuel issuing fromsaid fuel inlet.

3. In a carburetor having a throttle valve, the combination with amixture passage adjustable independently of the throttle valve,`

and a simultaneously adjustable fuel inlet,

of a device extending into said passage between the fuel inlet and thethrottle valvef for withdrawing from said passage.

4. In a carburetor, injcombination, fuel and air inlets, means forwithdrawing a portion of the mixturefrom the carburetor,

a portion of the mixture and means .for simultaneously controlling meansoperated by the s the throttle andthe motor cylinder,

said fuel and air inlets and said withdrawing means. l

5.- In a carburetor, in combination, fuel and` air inlets, means forwithdrawing a portion fof themixture from the carburetor, and suctionoperated means for simultaneously controlling said fuel and air inletsand said withdrawing means.

6. In a carburetor, in combination, fuel and air inlets, means forwithdrawin a por.- tion. of the mixture lfrom the car uretor, and asuction operated piston for adjusting the fuel and air inlets andsimultaneously controlling the withdrawing means.-

7. In a carburetor, in `combination, fuel and'air inlets, means forwithdrawing a portion of the mixture from the carburetor, said meansbeing operated by the suction between the throttle and the motorcylinder, and 'tion between the carburetor and the throttle forcontrolling theV fuel inlet.

8. In a carburetor, in combination, yfue] and air-inlets, means forwithdrawing a por-` tion of the mixture from the carburetor, said meansbeing operated by the suction betwee means operated by the suctionbetween the carburetor and the throttle for the air inlet.

9. In a carburetor, in combination, fuel and air inlets, means forwithdrawing aportion of the' mixture from the carburetor, said meansbeing operated by the suction controlling between lthe throttle and themotor cylf 11. Ina carburetor, the combination with a mixture passagehaving anoutlet tapered in cross section, of a device for withdrawing aportion ofthe mixture arranged in the apex of said outlet, and means forclosing said outlet from its wider apex.

part towards its y l2. In a carbureton'the combinationwith a mixturepassage having a throttle valve, a combustion heater -having anoutletinto said passage beyond the throttle valve whereby said valve 'controlsthe suction of the heater,

with mixture from` said carburetor, and means subject to the suctionbetween the carburetor and the throttle valve acting as an means forsupplying said combustion heater".v

additional control of the heater supplying l means. y

13. In a carburetor, the combination with. a mixture passage having athrottle valve, a combustion heater having an outlet into said passagebeyond the throttle valve, means for supplying said combustion heaterwith mixv ture from said carburetor, and means subjecting to the suctionbetween the carburetor and the throttle. valve acting to relativelyreduce the mixture to lthe heater as the throttle valve is opened. 14. Acarburetor, comprisinga body por# tion, a guiding piece,a measuring fuelnozzle in the guiding piece, and a mixture outlet conduit'separate fromthe main carbure'- tor outlet mounted in said guiding piece.

`15. A carburetor comprising a body portion, a guiding piece, ameasuring fuel nozzle in the guiding piece, and a mixture outlet pipeextending into the carburetor and mounted in said guiding piece of thecarburetor.

16.' In a carburetor, the combination with a mixture passage and a fuelinlet thereto, of a motor throttle for the mixture, means extendinginto. said passage for regulating its cross sectional area, and meansarranged between said regulating means and said motor throttle forwithdrawing a portion of the mixture from the carburetor.

17.-In `a carburetor, the combination with i ding into the passagebeyond said inlet for regulating the cross sectional area of saidpassage, means extending into the passage beyond said regulating meansand adapted to Withdraw a portion of the mixture Jfrom the passage, anda motor throttle arranged beyond said withdrawing means.

' 18. In a carburetor, in combination, fuel and air inlets, a suctionoperatedpiston for adjusting the fuel and air inlets, and means forwithdrawing a portion of the mixture from the carburetor, said meansbeing-arranged on the motor side of said piston.

19. In a carburetor, the combination with a horizontal mixture passage,of a device extending into the passage from above for regulating itscross-sectional area, a combustion heater, and means beyond saidregulating device for withdrawing a portion of the mixture from thelower part of the passage and delivering it to said heater.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

vmirroir TIBBETTS.

